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Guideline 2:
Ensure user access to all content

Ensure that users have access to all content, notably conditional content that may have been provided to meet the requirements of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10].

[checkpoints]

The checkpoints in this section require the user agent to provide access to all content through a series of complementary mechanisms designed so that if one fails, another will provide some access. The following preferences are embodied in the checkpoints:

Authors may use the conditional content mechanisms of a specification to satisfy the requirements of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10]. Ensuring access to conditional content benefits all users since some users may not have access to some content due to a technological limitation (e.g., their mobile browser cannot display graphics) or a configuration preference (e.g., they have a slow Internet connection and prefer not to download movies or images).

Checkpoints

2.1
[P1]
  • Render content according to format specification (e.g., for a markup language or style sheet language).
2.2
[P1]
  • For content authored in text formats, provide a view of the text source.
2.3
[P1]
  • Allow configuration to provide access to each piece of unrendered conditional content "C".
  • When a specification does not explain how to provide access to this content, do so as follows:

    • If C is a summary, title, alternative, description, or expansion of another piece of content D, provide access through at least one of the following mechanisms:
      • (1a) render C in place of D;
      • (2a) render C in addition to D;
      • (3a) provide access to C by allowing the user to query D. In this case, the user agent must also alert the user, on a per-element basis, to the existence of C (so that the user knows to query D); and
      • (4a) allow the user to follow a link to C from the context of D.
    • Otherwise, provide access to C through at least one of the following mechanisms:
      • (1b) render a placeholder for C, and allow the user to view the original author-supplied content associated with each placeholder;
      • (2b) provide access to C by query (e.g., allow the user to query an element for its attributes). In this case, the user agent must also alert the user, on a per-element basis, to the existence of C; and
      • (3b) allow the user to follow a link in context to C.
2.4
[P1]
  • For rendered content where user input is only possible within a finite time interval controlled by the user agent, allow configuration to provide a view where user interaction is time-independent.
2.5
[P1]
  • Allow configuration or control to render text transcripts, collated text transcripts, captions, and audio descriptions in content at the same time as the associated audio tracks and visual tracks.
2.6
[P1]
  • Respect synchronization cues (e.g., in markup) during rendering.
2.7
[P2]
  • Allow configuration to generate repair text when the user agent recognizes that the author has not provided conditional content required by the format specification.
2.8
[P3]
  • Allow at least two configurations for when the user agent recognizes that conditional content required by the format specification is present but empty content:
    • generate no repair text.
    • generate repair as described in checkpoint 2.7.
2.9
[P3]
  • Allow configuration to render all conditional content automatically.
  • As part of satisfying provision one of this checkpoint, provide access according to specification, or where unspecified, by applying one of the techniques 1a, 2a, or 1b defined in provision two of checkpoint 2.3.
2.10
[P3]
  • For graphical user agents, allow configuration not to render text in unsupported scripts (i.e., writing systems) when that text would otherwise be rendered.
  • When configured per provision one of this checkpoint, indicate to the user in context that author-supplied content has not been rendered due to lack of support for a writing system.
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